Copyright © 1996 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
Π12 Wadge degrees
Received 8 June 1993;
revised 15 December 1994.
communicated by T. Jech
Available online 10 February 1999.
Abstract
Suppose that any two Π12 sets are comparable in the sense of Wadge degrees. Then every real has a dagger. This argument proceeds by using the Dodd-Jensen core model theory to show that
x ε ωω(x#Ð) along with, say, “0† implies the existence of a Π12 norm of length u2.
As a result of more recent work by John Steel, the same argument will extend to show that the Wadge comparability of all Π12 sets implies Π12 determinacy.









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